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Nomura Report: Humanoid Robot Brains Have Not Reached the GPT-2 Stage

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Nomura Securities released a research report on humanoid robots and China's embodied intelligence industry, arguing that robots are developing along the path of large language models, but that the current "brain" has not yet reached the GPT-2 stage, and that the maturity of world models is even lower than that of AI in 2012. The report proposes five test indicators: continuous working duration, fine hand manipulation, speed of adapting to a new embodiment, number of demonstrations, and factory-site accuracy, and states that current robots are far from all of these indicators. The report states that factory-site accuracy is about 60%, while industry requires more than 98%, and that this gap is expected to take three to five years to close; the robotics industry has not yet had its own ChatGPT moment. Some of the results mentioned in the report were disclosed by the companies themselves, involved short task durations, or were completed only in simulation environments.

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  1. Nomura report assesses humanoid robots: brain not yet at GPT-2 stage, dexterous hands to scale first

    Nomura Securities released a research report on humanoid robots and China's embodied intelligence industry, arguing that robots are developing along the path of large language models, but their current brain has not yet reached the GPT-2 stage, and world model maturity is even lower than AI in 2012. The report proposes five test metrics: continuous working hours, fine hand manipulation, speed of adapting to new embodiments, number of demonstrations, and factory-floor accuracy. It says robots currently fall far short on all metrics, with factory-floor accuracy at about 60% versus the industrial requirement of over 98%.

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