On the Eve of Mass Production, Humanoid Robots Must Clear These Six Hurdles

Before mass production, humanoid robots must pass a six-level progressive test from L0 to L5: L0 completes dynamics calibration and preliminary validation of control strategies in simulation environments such as MuJoCo and Isaac Lab; L1-L2 conduct mechanical, electrical, and control performance and NVH testing on joint modules; L3 integrates motor drives, thermal management, and communication buses; L4 conducts full-machine testing with loaded stair climbing, push-disturbance recovery, and long-cycle durability; L5 runs long-duration tests in real scenarios to compile statistics on failure modes.